Cardano is a blockchain that is decentralized and made fully public. It is also known as an open-source project for that reason. While it works on a blockchain in a similar way to other virtual currencies, Cardano aims to become better by tweaking the protocol and providing features that are more advanced.
The cryptocurrency itself is known as ADA. It works on a proof-of-stake algorithm, which is reviewed and is fully secure. This is how transactions are confirmed and take place successfully. The currency requires the Daedalus wallet that accepts the ADA cryptocurrency. Once you have a wallet ready to use, you can receive Ada from other users, send Ada if necessary, and view your transactions.